A fence is a parts list rather than an area, and each part is counted a different way. This fence calculator works out posts from the spacing, rails from the section count and pickets from the run, then adds the concrete for setting the posts.
Nominal sizes are not actual sizes
This is the error that shows up as a shortfall at the far end of the run, and it is entirely avoidable.
A picket sold as a 1x6 measures 5.5 inches, not 6. On a 100 foot run laid solid, the real width needs 240 pickets where the nominal figure suggests 220. That is 20 boards short, roughly 9%, and you find out at the end. The dressed sizes are not a supplier quirk: the American Softwood Lumber Standard, PS 20, puts a nominal 1x6 at 3/4 by 5 1/2 inches.
Measure a board rather than trusting the label. The same applies to the 4x4 that is really 3.5 inches, which matters when you work out the concrete.
Runs rarely divide evenly
Post spacing is a target, not a promise. A 100 foot run at 8 foot nominal spacing gives 13 sections, so the real spacing is 7.69 feet and the fence needs 14 posts, one more than sections because both ends are closed.
If the run is yours to set, pick a length that divides. At 96 feet or 104 feet the same fence lands on exactly 8 foot bays, which means every section is identical, every rail is a stock length, and nothing has to be cut to fit a short closing bay. It costs nothing to choose and it saves a fiddly afternoon.
What the spacing and gap decide
- Post spacing drives posts, rails and concrete together. That 100 foot run takes 18 posts at 6 foot spacing, 14 at 8 feet and 11 at 10 feet. Wider bays save posts and concrete but need stiffer rails, and 8 feet is the usual limit for a 6 foot privacy fence in wind.
- Picket gap drives the picket count alone. Solid takes 240 pickets on that run, a 2 inch gap takes 176, and a 3 inch gap takes 156.
- Rails per section follows the height. Two rails suit a fence up to about four feet, three for a six foot privacy fence, and a fourth is worth it with heavy or horizontal boards.
Concrete for the posts
This page uses a rule of thumb of two bags per post, which puts a 14 post run at 28 bags. It is a reasonable planning figure and it is not a calculation.
For the real number, the post hole concrete calculator works it out from the hole you are actually digging and subtracts the post. A 10 inch hole three feet deep with a 4x4 in it comes out nearer 2.6 bags, so on a wider or deeper hole the rule of thumb runs short. Use it to budget and the other page to order.
Before you dig
Call the national utility location service on 811 before any post hole goes in, and confirm your property line rather than assuming the existing fence marks it. Many jurisdictions also cap fence height and govern which side the finished face must show, so check locally before buying material.
For a raised structure rather than a boundary, the deck calculator handles decking, joists and footings the same way.
Fence calculator FAQ
Fourteen at 8 foot nominal spacing, because 100 feet divides into 13 sections and both ends are closed. The real spacing works out at 7.69 feet. A run of 96 or 104 feet would land on exact 8 foot bays instead.
About 240 laid solid, because a picket sold as a 1x6 actually measures 5.5 inches. Using the nominal 6 inches would suggest 220 and leave you 20 boards short. A 2 inch gap between pickets brings it down to 176.
Six to eight feet for most fences, with 8 feet the usual maximum for a 6 foot privacy fence exposed to wind. On a 100 foot run that is the difference between 18 posts and 14, along with the rails and concrete that go with them.
Two bags per post is the common planning figure, so 28 bags for a 14 post run. Worked out properly from a 10 inch hole 3 feet deep with a 4x4 post, it is closer to 2.6 bags, so budget with the rule and order from the real hole size.
